Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. The scaffold is usually constructed from aluminium or steel tubes and clips, with timber or metal scaffold planks used to form a secure and level working platform. Scaffolding Injuries Approximately 2.3 million construction workers work on scaffolds regularly. Remote detonators to implode a structure As a general rule, a scaffold becomes inherently unstable once its height is four times its minimum base dimension, even if it is plumb and square. Scaffolds not specifically addressed by 1926.452, such as but not limited to systems scaffolds, must meet the requirements of 1926.451. Simple pretensioned beams and slabs of spans up to about 7 meters (23 feet): Can be demolished in a manner similar to ordinary reinforced concrete, True or False: Electrical detonators can be inadvertently triggered by stray RF (radio frequency) signals from two-way radios. The following examp le is based on building a scaffold that is 2.1 x 1.5 m (7 x 5 ft.) x 1 frame high. Ensure the surface on which the scaffold will be erected is firm, level and capable of According to OSHA standard 1926.451 (g) (1), anyone working on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level. That's one of the reasons why we need to keep it inspected - for safety sake! A scaffold should always be erected: Choose one answer. The first step in building a scaffold is to: A scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level, because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. The posts shall not be spaced more than 2.0 Mtrs. for construction, the agency estimated that by protecting these millions of workers from All brace connections shall be secured. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result in death or serious . Introduction Wood splice plates shall be provided on at least two adjacent sides, and shall extend at least 2 feet (0.6 m) on either side of the splice, overlap the abutted ends equally, and have at least the same cross-sectional areas as the pole. Splice plates of other materials of equivalent strength may be used. Symptoms of silicosis ____________ , so workers should have a chest x-ray to see if there is lung damage. A staging area is available. 7. An estimated 2.3 million construction workers, or 65 percent of the construction industry, Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. Scaffolding in this Guide means the individual components, for example tubes, couplers Scaffolds shall be stabilized to prevent tipping during movement. 5. DO NOT ABUSE OR MISUSE THE SCAFFOLD EQUIPMENT. Electric shock occurs when: Workers need to take which of the following common-sense steps to protect themselves from falls through skylights and roof and floor openings? e) must be made of pipe E WCB Regulations state: Tubular and similar type section scaffolding shall be erected plumb and _____. We need to follow scaffolding safety procedures. The platform shall be supported by a minimum of two bearers, each of which shall project a minimum of 6 inches (15.2 cm) beyond the platform on both sides. OSHA MODULE 5 Scaffolds No employee is on any part of the scaffold which extends outward beyond the wheels, casters, or other supports. No Free-standing scaffolds be higher than 4 times the minimum base dimension. Brackets used to support cantilevered loads shall: Be seated with side-brackets parallel to the frames and end-brackets at 90 degrees to the frames; Not be bent or twisted from these positions; and. ERECTED SCAFFOLDS SHOULD BE CONTINUALLY INSPECTED by users to be sure that they are maintained in safe condition. When two single-point adjustable suspension scaffolds are combined to form a two-point adjustable suspension scaffold, the resulting two-point scaffold shall comply with the requirements for two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds in paragraph (p) of this section. Platforms shall not be more than 36 inches (0.9 m) wide unless designed by a qualified person to prevent unstable conditions. Platforms shall be secured to the brackets in a manner that will prevent the separation of the platforms from the brackets and the movement of the platforms or the brackets on a completed scaffold. Any man-made cavity, depression, trench or cut in the earths surface formed by earth removal Bearers must extend a minimum of 3 inches over the outside edge of runners. Scaffolds shall be constructed in accordance with paragraphs (a), (b), or (c) of this section, as appropriate. The frames must be plumb and level and spaced to adequately support the loads. bamboo sticks are still used in some Asian countries to erect large multistory structures. Before an abrasive wheel is mounted, it should be inspected closely and: Sound- or ring-tested to ensure that it is free from cracks or defects. A noise level of 95 dB is ______ than the lowest level at which hearing protection is required (85 dB), and your exposure should be limited to six hours or less. Upon completion of the lesson, participants will be able to: ", "Step, platform, and trestle ladder scaffolds. Crawling boards shall be secured to the roof by ridge hooks or by means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength and durability). Ray ID: 7a19bde4e8771d14 D. A hole of any shape with a depth that exceeds 15 feet. Prior to starting all demolition operations, OSHA 1926.850 (a) requires that an engineering survey of the structure be conducted by a competent person. B. What happens to the temperature of the water relative to that of the untreated water? A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. Where conditions preclude the attachment of bracing to posts, bracing shall be attached to the runners as close to the post as possible. 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Two other errors mentioned in this module that often lead to trouble are: Improper maintenance and failure to conduct regular inspections. An access ladder or equivalent safe access must be provided. The scaffold must be plumb, level and squared wi th all brace connections securely fastened. Scaffolding must not be placed on unstable objects, such as bricks or blocks. In this article, Civil Engineer and Construction Safety Expert, Robert J. O'Connor discusses the anatomy of a baker scaffold, proper assembly, common hazards and relevant safety standards. Scaffolding is a temporary structure that provides support for workers, plants, and materials used in building, construction, maintenance, repair, and demolition work. Mechanical demolition refers to demolition using equipment like: A. Wrecking balls or jackhammers In noisy jobsites, these are often used to provide instructions to crane and derrick operators: Since its implementation in 1971, OSHA has: Helped cut work-related fatalities nearly in half and cut excavation and trenching fatalities by more than a third. 2. Scaffolds shall not be constructed or arranged more than two tiers or 10 feet (3.0 m) in height, whichever is less. If the scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift . Knowing Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the direct supervision of a scaffold competent person. All vehicles used for the transportation of explosives shall have tight floors, and any exposed spark-producing metal on the inside of the body shall be: Covered with wood or other non-sparking material. proper measures to protect against or prevent accidents and injuries. You can read the details below. Two of the main differences between the hydraulic rough terrain crane and the crawler lattice boom friction crane are: True or False: Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards how to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them, and must also prepare a written certification that identifies the employee trained and the date of the training. Poles shall be secured to the structure by rigid triangular bracing or equivalent at the bottom, top, and other points as necessary. A ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) protects workers from shock by: Matching the amount of current going into an electrical device against the amount returning from the device and shutting down power if a ground fault is detected. One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings, or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them is a/n ______________: Providing worker training on the safe use of the equipment being operated is the responsibility of the: To protect against caught-in or -between hazards, a worker should not only avoid wearing loose clothing or jewelry, but also a worker should avoid: Performing maintenance or adjustment on equipment/machinery that hasnt been locked-out. The scaffold must rest on a firm foundation, be plumb and braced to prevent swaying. Warped. The platform shall be securely fastened to hangers (stirrups) by U-bolts or by other means which satisfy the requirements of 1926.451(a). Ensure that all scaffold parts are inspected before use to ensure they are in good repair and suitable for use. Secure access to the scaffold. You might get some help from www.HelpWriting.net Success and best regards! Platforms shall not exceed a height of 20 feet (6.1 m). Each bearer shall be securely fastened to the platform. Window jacks shall not be used to support planks placed between one window jack and another, or for other elements of scaffolding. common. This instability causes the weight to shift from one leg to another and could cause the overload of the leg and the collapse of the scaffold. Whats going on at the molecular level? Bearers shall extend beyond the posts and runners, and shall provide full contact with the coupler. Hardware should be included to fasten the planks into place. Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards: How to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them. Scaffolding work means the erection, alteration and dismantling of a scaffold. 1926.452 (c) (3) Frames and panels shall be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means. Bearers shall extend a minimum of 3 inches (7.6 cm) over the outside edges of runners. which of the following statements is false? a. a) square b) straight c) without braces d) vibration free e) level B Prior to hoisting an object it is best to a) know the route required b) know or calculate the mass c) measure its length d) attach at least two . Scaffolds shall be equipped with additional independent support lines, equal in number to the number of points supported, and of equivalent strength to the suspension ropes, and rigged to support the scaffold in the event the suspension rope(s) fail. Overhead supporting members (roof structure, ceiling beams, or other structural members) shall be inspected and checked for strength before the scaffold is erected. Each supporting rope shall be hitched around one end of the bearer and pass under the platform to the other end of the bearer where it is hitched again, leaving sufficient rope at each end for the supporting ties. You've requested a page on a website (cloudflarepreview.com) that is on the Cloudflare network. If a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor but the portion of it that is exposed is well underneath the machine, the employer: Must ensure all exposed and accessible sections of the machine are guarded. The ground is level and stable. Bearers shall be installed transversely between posts, and when coupled to the posts, shall have the inboard coupler bear directly on the runner coupler. Folding type metal brackets, when extended for use, shall be either bolted or secured with a locking-type pin. Cross braces must keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square; All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging; Frames and panels must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means; Frames and panels must be locked together to prevent uplift (separation of a work on scaffolds frequently. Diagonal braces shall be installed between squares on the rear and front sides of the scaffold, and shall extend from the bottom of each square to the top of the next square. Non-cross-laminated wood boatswains' chairs shall be reinforced on their underside by cleats securely fastened to prevent the board from splitting. To enforce the federal regulations that ensure that business is conducted in an ethical manner When balancing a chemical equation. By the user only b. Plumb c. By a contractor d. Plumb and level e. Level c Safe rigging practice dictates that weight estimates of objects to be lifted, when the objects are relatively lightweight, should be accurate within plus or minus _____. Plumb and brace poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights to prevent swaying and displacement. or more per square foot. Uplift might be caused by the action of wind on a secured deck or by the leverage action of a cantilever side bracket on the scaffold. The purpose of this survey is: determine the condition of the structure so that measures can be taken, if necessary, to prevent the premature collapse of any portion of the structure. Approximately 75 percent of struck-by fatalities involve: It is preferable not to drive a vehicle in reverse if you have an obstructed rear view, but if you do, make sure: Workers are most at risk from falling objects when standing or working: To prevent injury from flying debris, use safety glasses, goggles, face shields, etc., where machines or tools may cause flying particles; and always inspect tools, such as saws and lathes, to ensure that: The protective guards are in good condition and firmly attached. Correct answer Special care and training incentives All joints must be Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Passage may be made from one platform to another only when the platforms are at the same height, are abutting, and walk-through stirrups specifically designed for this purpose are used. Scaffolds and scaffold components shall be designed by a registered professional engineer and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with such design. 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