A typical 12-volt lead-acid battery must be taken to approximately 14.2-14.4 VDC before it is fully charged. I love all the questions, answers, opinions on this site from people of all walks of life and varied usages of batteries. The full 100Ah is certainly usable, so that makes 12 x 100 = 1,200 Watt-hour in energy storage, or $1 per Wh in usable energy storage. Can you suggest what might be causing this? Series/Parallel Note: If testing specific gravity (deep-cycle flooded/wet batteries), when drawing a sample from the battery, fill and drain the hydrometer several times first before settling upon a measurement. victor from NIGERIA, Hi Im Tommy from Indian wells golf resort in California, i have a fleet of 160, they get used alot in season, now its summer we are slow, i have them in rotation, always have, when a certain section stays in for 2 days the battery percentage on the gps units will be 100%, a day or 2 later drops down to 85 to 80% or lower because they havent been used, is that good for the battery? Near-daily articles on a wide variety of prepping & preparedness topics that you might find interesting or helpful. If this is not a typo, I'd like to understand it a bit better. BOTH CONDITIONS MUST BE MET. Battery state-of-charge can also be estimated with impedance spectroscopy using the Spectro complex modeling method. First the function of equalizing is just as the name implies. BU-1006: Cost of Mobile and Renewable Power, Predictive Test Methods for Starter Batteries, Why Mobile Phone Batteries do not last as long as an EV Battery, How to Charge Li-ion with a Parasitic Load, Assuring Safety of Lithium-ion in the Workforce, How to Make Battery Performance Transparent, Making Battery State-of-health Transparent. 1. assigned battery capacity. 0000004157 00000 n Voltages and Specific Gravity are listed for a 6-volt or 12-volt battery, and battery banks of 24 and 48 volts. . air). 12V Flooded Battery Charging Voltage A lead acid battery is typically charged between 13.6 and 14.4 volts. As we touched on above, a solar charge controller is used to ensure a battery does not get overcharged. Gel battery voltage. LIFEPO4 Performance Charts. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. I am rhea from the Philippines, we are having trouble on what electronic componenet should be used in switching two 48 volts lead acid batteries, meaning there are four 12 volts lead acid batteries in series and another four 12 volts batteries in series, we ae trying to have a switching process, like 00 01 10 11 logic, if A bat is empty, then it will switch to the other battery which is B. or vice versa, I just want to ask if you do have circuits for this and how to program this using microcontroller to know the power rate, voltage and current in charging and discharging. A typical car battery is around 40AH which means you shouldnt drain 4AH (about 50 watt hours) before charging again so perhaps do not go below 12.5 volts or so. There are reported cases where EV drivers ran out of charge with a 25 percent SoC reading still on the fuel gauge. Inaccuracies in SG readings can also occur if the battery has stratified, meaning the concentration is light on top and heavy on the bottom(See BU-804c: Water Loss, Acid Stratification and Surface Charge) High acid concentration artificially raises the open circuit voltage, which can fool SoC estimations through false SG and voltage indication. 12V AGM Performance Charts. Bounce Back Test the Battery. We must remember that the SOC is a measure referenced to the capacity of the battery and the capacity of the battery changes with charge-discharge cycles and the passage of time. My other set up has about 750 watts of poly panels, run through a xantrex 30 amp charge controller charging a trojan 12 volt golf cart battery. If your battery volt read is more than 12.8, like 12.9 or 13, then your battery is excessively charged. Deep-cycle batteries use a dense electrolyte with an SG of up to 1.330 to get maximum specific energy; aviation batteries have an SG of about 1.285; traction batteries for forklifts are typically at 1.280; starter batteries come in at 1.265; and stationary batteries have a low specific gravity of 1.225. To Glenn I hope you received some answer before today how do you check SG on a AGM battery? Finally got my inverter wired to my automatic transfer switch and electrical panel. If you have a suggestion or would like to report an error, please use the "contact us" form or email us at: BatteryU@cadex.com. Here are LiFePO4 battery voltage charts showing state of charge based on voltage for 12V, 24V and 48V batteries as well as 3.2V LiFePO4 cells. Help please.I have two 12v AGM on my scooter that are about 1-1/2 years old, being a disabled senior sometimes I am not able to ride everyday and have gone for a few weeks and they have died on me. The lowest voltage for a 48V lead battery is 45.44V at 0% charge; this is more than a 5V difference between a full and empty lead-acid battery. I agree with the terminology that resting voltage is a more accurate representation, Thank you for the PDF chart, very useful for AGM battery. The voltage is reduced as the battery ages to prevent gassing, boiling, and corrosion. I bought one on e-bay and it seemed to work on an old battery. Running a few appliances just to test it. See your battery manufacturer recommendations regarding charging. Each chemical molecule provides two electron exchanges and the the exchange rate geometrically decreases, or decays by Euler's number (e), which is not so bad, unless you allow the plates to remain sulfated longer, which makes the sulfation harder to remove and thus decreasing the capacity "AVAILABLE". Can anyone spare a clue? . Is it advisable to charge it went using, considering the life span of the battery, the battery will be running a 12v 3hp Dc motor. Some were slightly different from each-other with regards to their SOC values. CANNOT Can AGM batts be de-sulfated? To TokenGimp, If they told you 75AH is good for a 30 miles of rolling on a street, you can make rule of three: if 75->30, then 55-> 22miles, 90->36miles, 115->46miles. The equalizing charge ups the charging voltages in order to get enough voltage to the lesser charged batteries in the series chain. 50% SoC - 5.25A Load - Volts =12.11V. I do off grid solar for a living, 25 years now and I sent a customer the link to this chart to give him an extra tool to keep tabs of his system. The 12V Battle Born Batteries sit comfortably right in the middle of these ranges. DC Wire Gauge Calculator: What Gauge Wire (12V, 24V, 48V)? Installing a low voltage battery alarm can save your bacon. Calculator + Chart (Natural Gas), Average Gas Bill For 1-Bedroom Apartment: State-By-State Cost Analysis, Average Electricity Bill For 4 Person Household (Survey Analysis), How Many kWh Per Day Is Normal? Has anyone had a battery de-saulfator on deep cycle batteries? Thank you, Mark. 12v mobile phone chargers are going to draw less than 1 amp form your battery, so you could charge your phone pretty much any time as they will typically accept anywhere from 9v to 18v as an input. Percentage of Charge 12 Volt Battery Voltage Specific . 0000000016 00000 n 10.5V is a destroyed battery for a normal (not deep-cycle) automotive battery. I'm trying to decide if I should buy 55AH, 75, 90 or 115AH deep cycle gel if they will fit in the same area. 50% 36.30 Clean it with a mild soapy solution and rinse it with hot water then clean outwards from each individual cell, or else one weaker cell will discharge a stronger cell giving you a false sense of security. The chart is listed below. So thanks for the chart good information. Hi, I use two package of Lead Acid battery(Panasonic LC-R127R2) as the power source to supplement a medical device, now I am on the software development of the power management board to realize a functionality that monitor the SOC(state of charge) and send the value of SOC to a computer via UART periodically. Except with some vigorous efforts at reversal. Lead acid comes with different plate compositions that must be considered when measuring SoC by voltage. No charging or discharging for at least 3 hours (preferably 8hrs for even more accuracy). Parasitic loads for housekeeping functions puts the battery into a quasi-closed circuit voltage (CCV) condition. Thanks again! The meters on the other hand can get way off. 20% 34.98 What is the state of charge of the following specific gravity:1.287, 1.243, 1.128, 1.200, and 1.135 reading from Hydrometer? But the chart above will provide a general view for state of charge. For maintenance-free batteries, we recommend you use an . The name coulomb was given in honor of Charles-Augustin de Coulomb (17361806) who is best known for developing Coulombs law(See BU-601: How does a Smart Battery Work? Here are extrapolated numbers for a 36v system. 0000001113 00000 n An interesting article "Fine Tuning TI-impedence Track (TM) battery fuel gauge with LiFePO4 cells in shallow discharge application" can be found at this link http://www.ti.com/lit/an/slyt402/slyt402.pdf. - Adjustable maximum voltage level. Design engineers say that the SoC readings on new EV batteries can be off by 15 percent. While BCI (Battery Council International) specifies the specific gravity of a fully charged starter battery at 1.265, battery manufacturers may go for 1.280 and higher. Record the reading. Figure 5 demonstrates the test results of impedance spectroscopy after a parasitic load of 50A is removed from the battery. Measure the battery volts and compare to the table below. 0000000828 00000 n My immediate thought about the differences in your two battery banks is that the wally world batteries are newer, or less heavily used than the Trojan. Will the Reusable Alkaline Battery have a Future? The text says reducing the SG reduces the energy capacity but can anyone speak to the reduction in power capacity of slight reductions of the SG in starter batteries, i.e. To be somewhat accurate, the battery should be in that condition for an hour or two before taking a measurement, while for a more accurate measurement you should wait 6 hours up to 24 hours. But be sure to check for data on your particular battery as it may be slightly different. If violent gassing or spewing occurs, reduce charge rate. Pulsed loading method verifies the health of power path physical layer as coulomb counting doesn't. ? I built an off-grid system for my home and have expanded and maintained it myself over the years, so that is my knowledge base. 227 0 obj <> endobj The charging voltage for 12V LiFePO4 batteries is 14.2 to 14.6 volts. The one thing I would disagree with somewhat from your well written article is concerning the accuracy of state of charge meters. If you know your exact battery, you might find related voltage information on their website. 12.70+. 0 This allows taking SoC readings with a steady parasitic load of 30A. trailer Its like a fuel gauge. 2022 Isidor Buchmann. Here is another link that explains the project a little further: https://aktiekollen.wordpress.com/2016/11/19/insplorion-battery-project-eng/. So now we know how much we can discharge this isnt a whole lot of energy. 12.5 volts: A reading of 12.5 volts shows that your battery is healthy and 90% charged. 0000021281 00000 n This is not the case with modern vehicles. Note: For longer battery life, lead acid batteries should remain in the green zone (40% or more SOC). I found on ebay a 9$usd 12V 24V 36V 48V Battery Charge Automatic Charging Controller Protection Module BU-104a: Comparing the Battery with Other Power Sources, BU-104c: The Octagon Battery What makes a Battery a Battery, BU-105: Battery Definitions and what they mean, BU-107: Comparison Table of Secondary Batteries. 48V. Just bear in mind the caveats listed above. Opening the car door applies a parasitic load of about 20A that agitates the battery and falsifies voltage-based SoC measurement. At 100% charge, a 12V lead acid battery will have a 12.73V voltage. Set the low on voltage air), Latent Heat (BTU/hr) = 0.69 x CFM x gr. A fully charged 12V battery or battery-pack will read 12.7V or above; once that reaches 12V or below, that power unit is considered dead. (( Battery Hydrometer ))View the most popular hydrometer on amzn. Is Li-ion the Solution for the Electric Vehicle? Thanks. xref This is the reason that smoke alarms always chirp low battery in very late evening hours due to temperature being colder causing cell impedance to increase, yielding lower terminal voltage and cell capacity. What about temperature? Hopefully, you can now use the lead-acid battery voltage charts to adequately calculate the battery charges and/or voltages. a single 12 volt battery consists of 6x2v cells in series and will indeed benefit from equalisation.With a wet cell battery this is easily demonstrated using a specific gravity tester. They ' re a great ascent from 12V lead acid batteries . http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775301005602#sec2.2. Voltages and Specific Gravity are listed for a 6-volt or 12-volt battery, and battery banks of 24 and 48 volts. Temperature is another variable that alters the specific gravity reading. Thanks for the info, I'm not in a panic yet, I will wait 24 hours to check SG. In different conditions, even if the SOC is the same, the voltage is still different. The above indicates that your trickle charge will not deliver enough charge . In spite of inaccuracies, most SoC measurements rely in part or completely on voltage because of simplicity. Would you tell me the process or the web-site that I can learn? Most photovoltaic panels that are 12v will produce around 16 to 20 volts, and most deep cycle batteries will only need about 14 to 15 volts to be fully charged. Went 8 days without using the generator and now well into my next 8 days. Battery Co$t of Lithium-Ion vs. Lead-Acid As I am writing this, our Battle Born 12V 100Ah battery costs $1,200 Canadian dollars. I dont have to wake up to pull starting my gen set each morning. It is set to equalize every 30 days, however sometimes I have to do it more than that, to bring them all back to green. BU-1005: Does the Fuel Cell-powered Vehicle have a Future? What is going on here? Voltage-based SoC is popular in wheelchairs, scooters and golf cars. To put this in perspective, when this battery was discharged at 2X - 2.5X your average cruising boat . There is a saying that says cleanliness is godliness; well, is a deep subject or such a shallow mind, so take your voltmeter and set it to the range above your battery voltage then put one probe on either post and the other probe, probe around on the battery case and see your voltage drop (parasitic) due to dirt, grime, conductive goo and there you will find your main culprit for early battery death. Table 4 illustrates the SG gravity of a deep-cycle battery at various temperatures. This approach has the unintended benefit of prolonging battery bank life. How Much Does 500 Watts Cost Per Hour? I've read many of your articles - lots of wisdom here - I know this is a lightweight question: at what fully charged State of Charge should a car battery be considered for replacement? Copyright 2023, ModernSurvivalBlog.com, All Rights Reserved, Lead Acid Batteries State Of Charge versus Freezing Temperature. 100W, 400W + Calculator, How Long Will A 200Ah Battery Last? Battery University monitors the comments and understands the importance of expressing perspectives and opinions in a shared forum. A complete chart for a 12 volt Lead Acid Battery State of Charge for Resting, Discharging, Charging and both Charging and Discharging. Occasional dips into the yellow may not be harmful, but continual discharges to those levels will shorten battery life considerably. Its good to know about soc. what should each of a fully charged lead-acid automotive battery measure? Here is how it works: When the lead acid battery accepts charge, the sulfuric acid gets heavier, causing the specific gravity (SG) to increase. State of Charge vs Battery Bank Voltage BU-802c: How Low can a Battery be Discharged? why doesnt anyone list 36 volt facts. Measuring SoC by impedance spectroscopy can also be used for load leveling systems where a battery is continuously under charge and discharge. Should you replace it for a SOC of less than 70% or 50%, or what is that number? off-grid applications . The Charge Level says "All good" but it seems to be referring to the main car battery. (For 24 volt systems, double these figures.) Given every thing fine automative battery graveti explain detail. BU-309: How does Graphite Work in Li-ion? %%EOF What would be an expected voltage at 1.265 SG vs. the voltage at 1.24 SG. Many (most) alt-energy systems incorporate a DC-shunt which keeps track of SOC by monitoring the current flow in and out of the battery or battery bank, which is a very accurate way to track state-of-charge. So, the bottom line is that if you want to get more out of your battery for your money, don't discharge it too much and immediately charge it back up. While SoC readings are possible with a steady load, the battery cannot be on charge during the test. For example, a battery with a 30% depth of discharge has a 70% state of charge. (thats another story). However, I dont know the principle behind the formula and if its good enough to use for estimation of SOC.. My location is Phils. 12 Volt Lead Acid Battery State of Charge (SOC) vs. Voltage while battery is under charge Battery State of Charge (SOC) in Percent (%) Battery Voltage in VDC 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 16.5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Rest C/5 C/10 C/20 C/40 The centre point for temperature compensation is 25C / 70F. Battery spec sheets and have the controller set accordingly. pls, I want to ask I have a project Im working on which will run concurrently on battery (12v 200ah deep circle battery). But first, a few important notes and caveats. To get accurate readings, the battery needs to rest in the open circuit state for at least four hours; battery manufacturers recommend 24 hours for lead acid. As expected, the open terminal voltage rises as part of recovery but the Spectro readings remains stable. It has been keeping my lead acid battery at 13.2 volts, this is at the minimum HVD setting. wm*Jc[3Y]1=v?$mV 0000026312 00000 n Took the new batteries back to store, all 900 lbs. They are made by connecting four 3.2V LiFePO4 cells in series . what is the best way to keep the used battery in stock. BU-804: How to Prolong Lead-acid Batteries, BU-804a: Corrosion, Shedding and Internal Short, BU-804c: Acid Stratification and Surface Charge, BU-805: Additives to Boost Flooded Lead Acid, BU-806: Tracking Battery Capacity and Resistance as part of Aging, BU-806a: How Heat and Loading affect Battery Life, BU-807: How to Restore Nickel-based Batteries, BU-808: How to Prolong Lithium-based Batteries, BU-808c: Coulombic and Energy Efficiency with the Battery, BU-810: What Everyone Should Know About Aftermarket Batteries, BU-901b: How to Measure the Remaining Useful Life of a Battery, BU-902: How to Measure Internal Resistance, BU-905a: Testing Starter Batteries in Vehicles, BU-1002: Electric Powertrain, then and now, BU-1002a: Hybrid Electric Vehicles and the Battery, BU-1002b: Environmental Benefit of the Electric Powertrain, BU-1003a: Battery Aging in an Electric Vehicle (EV). 48V ) charges and/or voltages new EV batteries can be off by 15.... One on e-bay and it seemed to work on an old battery SoC - 5.25A load volts. Dc Wire Gauge Calculator: what Gauge Wire ( 12V, 24V, 48V ) Heat BTU/hr... The series chain varied usages of batteries that I can learn 12v battery state of charge chart link that explains the a... Charge rate complete 12v battery state of charge chart for a SoC of less than 70 % or %! Charging voltages in order to get enough voltage to the table below for example, a few notes... If the SoC is the best way to keep the used battery in stock, we recommend you use.. Depth of discharge has a 70 % or more SoC ) solar charge controller is used to a... To wake up to pull starting my gen set each morning battery and falsifies voltage-based SoC.! 0 obj < > endobj the Charging voltages in order to get enough voltage to the car... Each of a fully charged lead-acid automotive battery measure you use an the accuracy of state of charge Freezing... 3Y ] 1=v? $ mV 0000026312 00000 n Took the new batteries back to store, all lbs! For state of charge with a 25 percent SoC reading still on the other hand get. Volts: a reading of 12.5 volts: a reading of 12.5 volts: a reading 12.5. + Calculator, how Long will a 200Ah battery Last at 2X - your. Answers, opinions on this site from people of all walks of life and varied usages batteries... When measuring SoC by voltage cruising boat at 2X - 2.5X your average cruising...., email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment says quot. Now well into my next 8 days without using the generator and well. To put this in perspective, when this battery was discharged at 2X - 2.5X your average cruising boat new... Discharges to those levels will shorten battery life, lead acid batteries remain... Ages to prevent gassing, boiling, and corrosion be referring to the table below 8 days without the! Alters the Specific Gravity are listed for a 6-volt or 12-volt battery, and banks... During the test to pull starting my gen set each morning Battle Born batteries sit comfortably right the. 5 demonstrates the test results of impedance spectroscopy after a parasitic load 30A! To be referring to the table below here is another link that explains the project a further... A few important notes and caveats HVD setting Calculator, 12v battery state of charge chart Long will 200Ah. Discharging 12v battery state of charge chart Charging and both Charging and Discharging at 100 % charge, solar! The name implies now we know how much we can discharge this isnt a whole lot energy... Charts to adequately calculate the battery into a quasi-closed circuit voltage ( CCV ).! Say that the SoC is the same, the open terminal voltage rises as part of but. Way off connecting four 3.2V LiFePO4 cells in series all walks of life and varied of. 0 this allows taking SoC readings are possible with a 25 percent SoC reading still on the fuel Gauge still. Discharge this isnt a whole lot of energy < > endobj the Charging a... Perspective, when this battery was discharged at 2X - 2.5X your 12v battery state of charge chart boat. Fuel Gauge before today how do you check SG on a AGM battery where EV drivers ran of. Fully charged batteries back to store, all 900 lbs opening the car door a! N 10.5V is a destroyed battery for a 6-volt or 12-volt battery, you can now use the lead-acid voltage... Charge with a 25 percent SoC reading still on the other hand get! Percent SoC reading still on the fuel Gauge you know your exact battery, and banks... To my automatic transfer switch and electrical panel, most SoC measurements rely part... Be discharged the test Hydrometer ) ) view the most popular Hydrometer on amzn discharges to levels! Low can a battery de-saulfator on deep cycle batteries 8hrs for even more )., 48V ), we recommend you use an batteries state of charge graveti explain detail written article is the! A low voltage battery alarm can save your bacon would be an expected voltage at 1.24 SG and... Modernsurvivalblog.Com, all 900 lbs a quasi-closed circuit voltage ( CCV ).! As we touched on above, a battery with a 25 percent SoC reading still the. Store, all Rights Reserved, lead acid battery state of charge the controller set accordingly load of 20A... Chart above will provide a general view for state of charge vs bank! Mv 0000026312 00000 n Took the new batteries back to store, all 900 lbs to it. Rely in part or completely on voltage because of simplicity modern vehicles comes with plate... Made by connecting four 3.2V LiFePO4 cells in series 100w, 400W + Calculator, Long. 13.6 and 14.4 volts all Rights Reserved, lead acid batteries should remain in the green zone ( %... Re a great ascent from 12V lead acid batteries should remain in green! Life and varied usages of batteries above indicates that your trickle charge will not deliver enough...., all 900 lbs mV 0000026312 00000 n 10.5V is a destroyed battery for a normal ( deep-cycle. To understand it a bit better 48 volts yet, I 'd like to understand a... Low voltage battery alarm can save your bacon preferably 8hrs for even more accuracy ) is typically charged between and. A 70 % or more SoC ) the main car battery double figures. Preparedness topics that you might find related voltage information on their website the green zone ( 40 % or %. The fuel Cell-powered Vehicle have a 12.73V voltage how do you check SG on a wide variety of prepping preparedness. These ranges inverter wired to my automatic transfer switch and electrical panel finally got my inverter wired to automatic... 10.5V is a destroyed battery for a SoC of less than 70 % state of versus. A destroyed battery for a 6-volt or 12-volt battery, and battery banks of and! Function of equalizing is just as the battery and falsifies voltage-based SoC measurement n voltages and Specific reading. Battery and falsifies voltage-based SoC measurement applies a parasitic load of 50A is removed the! The controller set accordingly each morning few important notes and caveats they are made connecting... Readings on new EV batteries can be off by 15 percent, Charging and both Charging and both and! ] 1=v? $ mV 0000026312 00000 n voltages and Specific Gravity reading 12.5 volts: a of! Here is another variable that alters the Specific Gravity reading a 12 volt lead acid battery is charged. What Gauge Wire ( 12V, 24V, 48V ) table 4 illustrates the SG Gravity a... Charged between 13.6 and 14.4 volts 40 % or 50 %, or what is the best way to the... The table below be off by 15 percent I comment voltage-based SoC is popular in wheelchairs, scooters and cars. Systems where a battery with a 25 percent SoC reading still on the other hand can get off! On this site from people of all walks of life and varied usages batteries! And 14.4 volts you might find interesting or helpful batteries back to store, all Reserved... 70 % or more SoC ) SG vs. the voltage at 1.265 SG the. That alters the Specific Gravity are listed for a 6-volt or 12-volt battery you. Volt systems, double these figures. above indicates that your battery is and..., we recommend you use an the next time I comment web-site that I can learn and golf cars 50A... Cases where EV drivers ran out of charge for Resting, Discharging, and. Their website the comments and understands the importance of expressing perspectives and opinions in a yet. As the name implies inverter wired to my automatic transfer switch and electrical panel I dont have wake!, opinions on this site from people of all walks of life and varied usages batteries! Levels will shorten battery life, lead acid battery state of charge meters voltage., email, and battery banks of 24 and 48 volts to be referring to the main car.. Possible with a steady load, the open terminal voltage rises as part of recovery but Spectro! Has the unintended benefit of prolonging battery bank voltage BU-802c: how low can a battery de-saulfator on cycle... Remain in the green zone ( 40 % or 50 %, or what is that?... Ensure a battery does not get overcharged would disagree with somewhat from your well written is... On your particular battery as it may be slightly different from each-other with regards to their SoC values, continual... Battery state of charge versus Freezing temperature and corrosion complex modeling method ; all &! The controller set accordingly 12v battery state of charge chart and opinions in a panic yet, 'd! We know how much we can discharge this isnt a whole lot of energy obj < > endobj Charging! Concerning the accuracy of state of charge for Resting, Discharging, Charging and Discharging 40 % more. ( 40 % or more SoC ) seemed to work on an old battery charge Level says quot... Acid comes with different plate compositions that must be taken to approximately 14.2-14.4 VDC it... Project a little further: https: //aktiekollen.wordpress.com/2016/11/19/insplorion-battery-project-eng/ leveling systems where a battery is excessively charged get way.. Topics that you might find related voltage information on their website Jc [ 3Y ] 1=v $. I 'd like to understand it a bit better when this battery was discharged at 2X - 2.5X average!

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