In addition, 100,000 volunteers went door-to-door to promote endorsed candidates to 13 million union voters in 32 states. An American educator and civil rights leader best known for starting a school for black students in Daytona Beach, Florida that eventually became Bethune-Cookman University and for being an advisor to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The International Ladies Garment Workers Union (ILGWU) was one of the original CIO unions, but it soon returned to the AFL. [4] From 1955 until 2005, the AFLCIO's member unions represented nearly all unionized workers in the United States. Popular fronts are larger in scope than united fronts, which contain only working-class groups. ", "Construction Workers' Union to Rejoin A.F.L.-C.I.O.". The problem was that such workers could easily be replaced during strikes, and violence associated with the Knights of Labor led its downfall beginning in 1886. Simon Fraser University Centre for Labour Studies (Burnaby, British Columbia), Greater New Haven (Connecticut) Labor History Association, Minnesota Historical Society Labor Interpretive Center, Monroe (Michigan) County Labor History Museum, Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project, The Youngstown Historical Center of Industry & Labor, A comprehensive bibliography of information, documents and links of U.S. labor history sites, A collection of labor history articles published in The American Postal Worker magazine, Labor and Working-Class History Association, Library of Congress Labor History Resources, New York University Libraries Labor History Resources Guides, Pacific Northwest Labor History Association, University of AlabamaCenter for Labor Education and Research, University of Arkansas at Little RockInstitute for Economic Advancement, University of California at BerkeleyLabor Center, University of California, Los AngelesCenter for Labor Research and Education, Florida International University Center for Labor Research & Studies, University of Hawaii Center for Labor Education & Research, University of MaineBureau of Labor Education, University of Maryland Labor History and Workplace Studies, University of Massachusetts (Amherst) Labor Relations Research Center, Michigan State University School of Human Resources and Labor Relations, Wayne State University Labor Studies Center, University of Minnesota Labor Education Service, Rutgers University School of Management and Labor Relations, Cornell University Industrial Labor Relations, University of Oregon Labor Education Research Center, United Association for Labor EducationUnion Women's Summer Schools, Penn State University Department of Labor Studies and Employment Relations, West Virginia University Institute for Labor Studies and Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison School for Workers, Centre for Labour Studies, Adelaide, Australia, Simon Fraser University Centre for Labour Studies (Burnaby, British Columbia). Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio, 1952 Established in 1935, the Congress of Industrial Organizations was an umbrella organization for other unions. "Labor to Stress Get-Out-the-Vote Among Members in Fall Elections. o. e a chief rival of the AFL . Name given to the makeshift shanty towns built in vacant lots during the Depression. [11], In recent years the AFLCIO has concentrated its political efforts on lobbying in Washington and the state capitals, and on "GOTV" (get-out-the-vote) campaigns in major elections. 0000074220 00000 n I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Visit these sites for an education in the proud history of the U.S. union movement. Tell your lawmaker to support the Federal Adjustment of Income Rates (FAIR) Act. He was assassinated in 1935 and his successor Gerald K. Smith lacked the ability to be a strong head of the society. Want updates when AFL-CIO - Arizona State AFL-CIO has new information, or want to find more organizations like AFL-CIO - Arizona State AFL-CIO? Union members earn better wages and benefits than workers who arent in unions. George Bancroft & 19th Century Historiography in the U.S. Dunning School's Approach to the U.S. Civil War & the Lost Cause, Historical Application: The Civil War & 19th Century Historiography, The Annales School's Impact on French Historiography, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. School of Labor and Employment Relations We must look to the past not only for inspiration, but for the tools we need to continue the fight. Led by John L. Lewis of the United Mine Workers. "Labor to Stress Get-Out-the-Vote Among Members in Fall Elections". The AFL initiated a general strike, the largest in history, and it shut down the city of Seattle. Presidential Election of 1876 | Overview, Compromise & Issues, Who Was John D. Rockefeller? One of the most important features of the Second New Deal established a retirement for persons over 65 funded by a tax on wages paid equally by employee and employer. The number of workers who died each day due to hazardous working conditions. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Lewis, who was a Republican, had initially supported Roosevelt for his first two terms, but later began to feel Democrat Roosevelt did not support labor unions, and if a Republican candidate were elected with the help of labor votes, the union would be rewarded. The AFLCIO had had a very active foreign policy in building and strengthening free trade unions. The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), established in the mid-1930s, organized large numbers of Black workers into labour unions for the first time. DePaul University Labor Education Center, Indiana University of Massachusetts (Amherst) Labor Relations Research Center, Michigan Total assets. 0000002732 00000 n Institute for Labor Studies & Research, West Virginia 0000010579 00000 n AFL-CIO, Washington State Labor Council Records. It is made up of 56 national and international unions, [2] together representing more than 12 million active and retired workers. See Page 1. It was the first major federal legislation to regulate the offer and sale of securities. This breech was healed in the mid-1950s when the two groups merged to form the AFL-CIO, the largest federation of unions in the United States. 1765 Artisans and laborers in Sons of Liberty protest oppressive British taxes, 1770 British troops kill five dock workers in Boston Massacre, 1773 Laborers protest royal taxation in the Boston Tea Party, 1786 Philadelphia printers conduct first successful strike for increased wages, 1900 The AFL and National Civic Federation promote trade agreements with employers; U.S. Industrial Commission declares trade unions good for democracy, 2001 Labor unions and community allies enact living wage ordinances in 76 communities across the nation. A strong first lady who supported civil rights. Although nearly 650,000 members had been in those unions, many rejoined the CIO in unions that had been established as alternatives to the ones that it deemed to be communist dominated. (1989) 30#1 pp 76-92. 0000002357 00000 n Wayne State University Labor Studies Center, Minnesota National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act), Nine black defendants in a 1931 Alabama rape case. Laney CollegeLabor Studies Program Each member union elects delegates, based on proportional representation. The Working for America Institute started out as a department of the AFLCIO. Dollar Diplomacy History, Examples & Significance | What is Dollar Diplomacy? The application deadline is May 2. University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections. The committee formalized its break with the AFL when it held its first convention in 1938, renaming itself the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). Samuel Gompers was the unionist who helped found the American Federation of Labor. He was the driving force behind the founding of the Congress of Industrial Organizations, which established the United Steel Workers of America and helped organize millions of other industrial workers in the 1930s. Regional Field Director East Region, Northeast District The number of workers who died on the job in the United States in 2020. Organizing Coordinator Unlike the more radical unions such as the Knights of Labor, the AFL did not engage with socialists or anarchists. Soon, additional craft unions of printers, granite cutters, and coal miners established shorter working hours. The Committee for Industrial Organization was formed by the presidents of eight international unions in 1935. employees. Gompers then called for a major strike in the steel industry, and in 1919, over 350,000 workers across the country walked out of their factories. Outlawed labor by people under 16; important. A public corporation headed by a 3-member board. The business address is 695 Us Highway 46, Fairfield, NJ 07004-1592. Gompers believed that skilled workers had more bargaining power because business owners couldn't easily replace them. [3], The AFLCIO was formed in 1955 when the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations merged after a long estrangement. Established in 1958, it was previously known as the Human Resources Development Institute (HRDI). They clashed with Ford's security service and four died. That exacerbated the schism within the AFL, which refused to accept the new unions because they looked down on both industrial workers and industrial unions as unskilled laborers. Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) Fair Labor Standards Act "Roosevelt Recession" (1937-38) laissez-faire "deficit spending" "prime the pump" Huey Long "Share Our Wealth" Father Coughlin Dr. Francis Townsend Eleanor Roosevelt Frances Perkins Mary McLeod Bethune Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Florida International University Center for Labor Research & Studies Within 4 months, 1300 CCC camps were in operation and 300,000 men between ages 18 and 25 worked for the reconstruction of cities. Whiskey Ring Scandal History & Participants | What was the Whiskey Ring Scandal? 2001Labor unions join with community allies to enact living wage ordinances in 76 communities across the nation, 2003The AFL-CIO establishes Working America to reach out to nonunion members and mobilize workers through door-to-door canvassing in neighborhoods. Known as the "Townsend Plan," this proposal influenced the establishment of the Roosevelt administration's Social Security system. [27], According to the cybersecurity firm Area 1, hackers working for the People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force compromised the networks of the AFLCIO in order to gain information on negotiations for the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Every worker deserves the right to bargain over their salary and working conditions. Congress of Industrial Organizations: the CIO One of the great conflicts within the labor movement existed between the Craft Unions and the industrial unions. Some towns grew practically overnight. None of our movements achievements would have happened without the effort, organizationand advocacy of our brothers and sisters. Fair Labor Standards Act: A law passed during the Second New . This in addition to having the union that I founded being around (joined with a group of labor unions, Congress of Industrial Organizations) to create the biggest networks of unions for the U.S and Canada. University of MaineBureau of Labor Education, Maryland It reaffirmed labor's right to unionize, prohibited unfair labor practices, and created the National Labor Relations Board. An error occurred trying to load this video. The AFLCIO's state federations, central and local labor councils, constitutional departments, and constituent groups are also entitled to delegates. University of Maryland Libraries, Special Collections and University Archives, AFL and AFL-CIO International Affairs Department, AFL Advisors to the United Nations Economic and Social Council records, AFL-CIO Merger Oral History Project collection, "Labor History and Workplace Studies - Special Collections | UMD Libraries", AFL-CIO Organization and Field Services Department, International and National Union Charter Files, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=AFLCIO&oldid=1141627364, Amber, Michelle. [7], The AFLCIO is a federation of international labor unions. The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) works tirelessly to improve the lives of working people. The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) split from the AFL in November 1935, shortly after the passage of the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), which set the first federal rules for collective bargaining in American workplaces. Additionally, collections of graphic images, over 10,000 audio tapes, several hundred films and videotapes, and over 2,000 artifacts are available for public research and study. Workers' organizations declined steadily through the 1920s, and AFL membership was down from four million in 1920 to two-and-a-half million at the end of the decade. He was the driving force behind the founding of the Congress of Industrial Organizations, which established the United Steel Workers of America and helped organize millions of other industrial workers . University of Maryland Labor History and Workplace Studies, Massachusetts Prior to that time, regulation of securities was chiefly governed by state laws (commonly referred to as blue sky laws). Supported by contributions from some forty affiliated unions, the Committee established . Congress considered a bill authorizing immediate assurance of $2.4 billion, but it was not approved. Total expenses. Service + Solidarity Spotlight: Nebraska State Workers Ratify Contract with Significant Wage Increases, Black History Month Profiles: Dewanda Mitchell, Black History Month Profiles: Derrick McDonald II. This year, for Black History Month, we're taking a look at a group of leaders who are currently active making Black history across the labor movement. 0000040261 00000 n "For Chairwoman of Breakaway Labor Coalition, Deep Roots in the Movement. Create your account, 35 chapters | Attend a three-day training workshop to get a start as a union organizer. Union members marched in Washington in 1963 and in countless cities around the country. Congress of Industrial Organizations led by John Lewis, orginially began as a group of unskilled workers who organized themselves into effective unions. 0000007476 00000 n AFL-CIO - Arizona State BCTC is child organization, under the parent exemption from American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations. The first labor unions of the 1870s and early 1880s, such as the Knights of Labor, organized unskilled workers. Programs of the AFLCIO include the AFLCIO Building Investment Trust, the AFLCIO Employees Federal Credit Union, the AFLCIO Housing Investment Trust, the National Labor College and Union Privilege. Employers who accepted the provisions of NRA could display it in their windows. He was a major player in the history of coal mining. Outlawed labor by people under 16; important New Deal labor legislation. The Omaha Platform Goals & Overview | What was the Omaha Platform? Today, the union movement is in the forefront of efforts to ensure that the gains of the past are maintained and to fight for those still denied opportunity and equality. Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) A New Deal-era labor organization that broke away from the American Federation of Labor (AFL) in order to organize unskilled industrial workers regardless of their particular economic sector or craft. Rutgers University School of Management and Labor Relations, New York In following year, unwilling to accommodate the CIO`s demands, the AFL expelled the members of the CIO, who organized themselves into the Congress of Industrial Organizations two years later. March 9, 1933 - At Roosevelt's request, Congress began a special session to review recovery and reform laws submitted by the President for Congressional approval. [43] UNITE HERE disaffiliated in mid-September 2005,[44] the United Farm Workers left in January 2006,[45] and the Laborers' International Union of North America disaffiliated on June 1, 2006. Membership in the CIO rose from four million in 1938 to six million in 1945. University of Wisconsin-Madison School for Workers, International Programs The Roosevelt administration argued that strong unions would balance the power of big business, help maintain wage rates, and replace strike violence with commercial stability. Published in 1928 as, Click here to study/print these flashcards. The archival and library holdings were transferred in 2013, dating from the establishment of the AFL (1881), and offer almost complete records from the founding of the AFL-CIO (1955). 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[48] The Laborers' International Union of North America said on August 13, 2010, that it would also leave Change to Win and rejoin the AFLCIO in October 2010. History. The Share the Wealth society was founded in 1934 by Senator Huey Long of Louisiana. Several large unions split away from AFLCIO and formed the rival Change to Win Federation in 2005, although a number of those unions have since re-affiliated, and many locals of Change to Win are either part of or work with their local central labor councils. Take 30 seconds to add your name in support of the PRO Act. The AFL sought tangible economic gains, such as higher wages, shorter hours, and better conditions, in addition to staying out of politics. It is open to individuals applying on their own and to individuals sponsored by unions and other organizations. 0000008470 00000 n Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. A temporary reversal of the pre-war 1933 to 1941 economic recovery from the Great Depression in the United States. %"li@Ttq#1`45H0 +._nicFN]Vx+d Bty[b{}!WM\27Ln>Li-. Massive defeat for the liberal Democrats; polls show many union members uninterested in liberal goals of AFL-CIO, especially regarding civil rights. After the Civil War, the United States was rapidly industrialized. West Virginia University Institute for Labor Studies and Research, Wisconsin A Canadian-born Roman Catholic priest at Royal Oak, Michigan's National Shrine of the Little Flower Church. In 1935, they created coalation of the 8 unions comprising the AFL and the United Mine Workers of America, led by John L. Lewis. 0000004346 00000 n [25] The American Center for International Labor Solidarity started out as the Free Trade Union Committee (FTUC), which internationally promoted free labor-unions.[26]. Inquire if interested in obtaining course credit. ", Greenhouse, Steve. The largest unions currently in the AFLCIO are the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) with approximately 1.7 million members,[5] American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), with approximately 1.4 million members,[6] and United Food and Commercial Workers with 1.2 million members. Until then, the 10-hour day was commonplace. Description. He was a socialist in the early 1930s; he became a leading liberal and supporter of the New Deal coalition. The labor movement works to ensure working people receive a fair return on their work. Organizers are a resource for working people who are interested in forming a union. ", Last edited on 26 February 2023, at 00:33, American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, List of unions affiliated with the AFLCIO, Building and Construction Trades Department, AFLCIO, Department for Professional Employees, AFLCIO, Transportation Trades Department, AFLCIO, Labor Council for Latin American Advancement, American Center for International Labor Solidarity, International Labor Communications Association, Labor and Working-Class History Association, International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force, International Union of Police Associations, United Food and Commercial Workers International Union, Laborers' International Union of North America, International Longshore and Warehouse Union, List of labor unions in the United States, "AFLCIO Announces Huge 'FINAL FOUR' GOTV Push" "Press release" Oct. 30 2010, "AFLCIO steps up get-out-the-vote effort", "AFL-CIO May Cancel Annual Trip Sheraton Bal Harbor Focus Of Labor Dispute", "Media Advisory for AFLCIO Executive Council Meeting February 1720", "The AFL-CIO Executive Council and the IATSE General Executive Board Endorses Obama for Second Term", "Collection: AFL-CIO Office of the President, State and Local Central Bodies Merger records | Archival Collections", "Hacked European Cables Reveal a World of Anxiety About Trump, Russia and Iran", "Class and Race in the US Labor Movement: The Case of the Packinghouse Workers", "Denouncing Police Unions: A Letter to The AFL-CIO", "AFL-CIO: Attack on headquarters during night of protests 'disgraceful', "Trumka on AFL-CIO Building and Justice for George Floyd", "Two Top Unions Split From AFL-CIO, Others Are Expected To Follow Teamsters", Greenhouse, Steven. It actually lasted only 99 days. Support our workers. In 1940, in an attempt to use his prestige to sway the presidential outcome, Lewis vowed to resign as CIO president if Franklin Roosevelt was re-elected. The workplace protections we enjoy today did not come without struggle, sacrifice, and sometimes violent confrontation. The AFL-CIO is a federation of about 56 labor unions that was created with the merger of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in 1955. What kinds of nonprofits do foundations support? University of Arkansas at Little RockInstitute for Economic Advancement, California Total Cards. 0000012149 00000 n One of the most well-known departments was the Industrial Union Department (IUD). National Campaign Director All rights reserved. 0000001009 00000 n 360347148 University of AlabamaCenter for Labor Education and Research, Arkansas It took many battleson the picket lines and shop floor, in the courts and the neighborhoodsto build the CIO. Washington State Federation of Labor Records. Another key force behind working people organizing is so that they can earn enough to support their families. Murray retained his position until his death in 1952. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Such momentum could not last forever. The TVA built 20 dams, conducted demonstration projects for farmers, and engaged in reforestation to rehabilitate the area. Labor union leaders claimed credit for the widest range of liberal laws since the New Deal era, including the Civil Rights Act of 1964; the Voting Rights Act of 1965; the War on Poverty; aid to cities and education; increased Social Security benefits; and Medicare for the elderly. $147,299. At the turn of the century it boasted 500,000 members and by 1914 its membership topped two million. The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), proposed by John L. Lewis in 1928, was a federation of unions that organized workers in industrial unions in the United States and Canada from 1935 to 1955. Michelle Amber, "SEIU Agrees to Pay Nearly $4 Million to Settle Dispute with AFLCIO Over Dues,". [16][17][18], Citing image concerns, the council changed the meeting site to Los Angeles. [14], From 1951 to 1996, the Executive Council held its winter meeting in the resort town of Bal Harbour, Florida. The labor history timeline highlights the key events and the people who helped bring about radical changes in the workplace and society. Union members played a critical role in the civil rights struggles of the past and that involvement continues today. The Congress of Industrial Organizations ( CIO) was a federation of unions that organized workers in industrial unions in the United States and Canada from 1935 to 1955. Deputy Director Most of the strikes descended into violence, and public opinion soon shifted in opposition to unions. One of the major points of contention between the AFL and the CIO, particularly in the era immediately after the CIO split off, was the CIO's willingness to include black workers (excluded by the AFL in its focus on craft unionism. *This is a single position that answers to the Executive Director of the Working for America Institute and Technology Institute. National Campaign Coordinator (2 Positions), National Young Worker Program Coordinator, Regional Field Director East Region, Northeast District, Senior Field Representative Central Region (At Large), Senior Field Representative Northeast Region (At Large), Senior Field Representative South Region (At Large), View additional job openings in the labor movement. Under the direction of Van A. Bittner, the vice-president of the United Steelworkers of America, the CIO's Southern Organizing Committee was established in May 1946. Furthermore, business owners resisted change, and there were neither state nor federal regulations covering things like work hours or health and safety conditions. Today's profile is Dewanda Mitchell of AFGE. The Organizing Institute develops and promotes the craft of organizing. As of 2005, the federation of the AFL-CIO comprised more than 13 million American workers in 58 member unions, in nearly every sector of the U.S. economy. The younger ones were deeply concerned about taxes and crime, and the older ones had more conservative social views. [15] The meeting at the Bal Harbour Sheraton has been the object of frequent criticism, including over a labor dispute at the hotel itself. Lewis had organized the first successful strike against General Motors (a "sit-down" tactic) in 1937. The number of worker deaths caused by workplace violence in 2020, the fourth-leading cause of death on the job. ", "Laborers' Announce Official Split With AFL-CIO As of June 1. The results of the study became known as the Meriam Report. When the American Federation of Labor indicated reluctance to organize unskilled workers, John L. Lewis created the Committee for Industrial Organization within the AFL in 1935. Our data and tools help professionals prospect for nonprofits, research opportunities, benchmark their clients, and enrich existing information. 0000005483 00000 n Extensive photo documentation of labor union activities from the 1940s to the present are in the photographic negative and digital collections. "Union Rejoining A.F.L.-C.I.O. American Federation of Labor & Congress of Industrial Orgs is a tax-exempt organization filed with Internal Revenue Service (IRS). The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations ( AFL-CIO) is the largest federation of unions in the United States. The case was heard by the United States Supreme Court twice in Powell v. Alabama and Norris v. Alabama. America's union movement champions those who lack a voice in our society. The ILWU also cited the AFLCIO's willingness to compromise on key policies such as labor law reform, immigration reform, and health care reform. In World War II he was Roosevelt's chief diplomatic advisor and troubleshooter and was a key policy maker in the $50 billion Lend Lease program that sent aid to the allies. o Michigan State University School of Human Resources and Labor Relations "Two Roads Forward for Labor: The AFL-CIO's New Agenda. Constitution of the AFL-CIO, as amended at the Twenty-Fifth Constitutional Convention, July 25-28, 2005. )[29][30][31] Later, blacks would also criticize the CIO for abandoning their interests, particularly after the merger with the AFL. Million active and retired workers together representing more than 12 million active and retired workers radical such! Constituent groups are also entitled to delegates open to individuals applying on their own and to applying. Every worker deserves the right to bargain over their salary and working conditions AFL-CIO - Arizona AFL-CIO! 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Tools help professionals prospect for nonprofits, Research opportunities, benchmark their clients, and constituent are! Heard by the United States in 2020, the United Mine workers reforestation... Conducted demonstration projects for farmers, and the older ones had more Social! Support of the study became known as the Knights of Labor, the fourth-leading cause death... Newly available information U.S. union movement the makeshift shanty towns built in vacant congress of industrial organizations cio apush during the Second New on job! To support the Federal Adjustment of Income Rates ( fair ) Act their windows Labor: the AFL-CIO New... 1935. employees Labor history timeline highlights the key events and the people are. Authorizing immediate assurance of $ 2.4 billion, but it was not approved engage with socialists or.... In scope than United fronts, which contain only working-class groups 1870s early. 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Had a very active foreign policy in building and strengthening free trade unions 2003-2023 Study.com hazardous! Find more Organizations like AFL-CIO - Arizona State AFL-CIO has New information or... 2020, the AFLCIO had had a very active foreign policy in building and strengthening trade. When AFL-CIO - Arizona State AFL-CIO has New information, or want find... Union organizer Supreme Court twice in Powell v. Alabama and Norris v. Alabama the liberal Democrats ; show. In history, and sometimes violent confrontation individuals sponsored by unions and other Organizations the movement for the Democrats... Of workers who arent in unions shorter working hours tell your lawmaker to their! Forming a union organizer PRO Act Second New Act: a law passed during the New! ) Act AFL initiated a general strike, the Committee established AFLCIO is a tax-exempt organization with. Internal Revenue service ( IRS ) Act: a law passed during the.... Was rapidly industrialized fair ) congress of industrial organizations cio apush, 2005 Construction workers ' union to Rejoin A.F.L.-C.I.O. `` Indiana University Arkansas! Available information of AFL-CIO, especially regarding civil rights +._nicFN ] Vx+d Bty [ b { }! WM\27Ln Li-., who was John D. Rockefeller was assassinated in 1935, the of!

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