Castellani RJ and Schmidt CJ. Development of a finite-element eye model to investigate retinal hemorrhages in shaken baby syndrome. About 3,500 babies die of SIDS each year. Shusterman G.R., Fluke, J.D., Nunez, J.J., et al. Child's Nervous System. Mild abusive head injury: diagnosis and pitfalls. Pediatric Emergency Care. Pediatrics: September 2010, Sandeep Narang. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology. December 2020. The evolution of the abusive head trauma (AHT) diagnosis has a long and storied history. Shaken baby syndrome is used to explain a triad of injuries in children . Children and Youth Services Review. Shaken baby syndrome (SBS), also known as non-accidental trauma (NAT) , is a diagnosis that may include a combination of findings including broken long bones such as arms or legs, skull fractures, brain bleeding and retinal hemorrhages. Henry KM, French B, Feudtner, C, et al. Perception of male and female infant cry aversiveness by adult men. Child Abuse Review. Medicolegal issues in abusive head trauma for the pediatric neurosurgeon, Occurrence of traumatic brain injury due to short falls with or without a witness by a nonrelative in children younger than 2 years, Skull fractures in abusive head trauma: a single centre experience and review of the literature. June 2021. Pediatric Radiology: 2014, George Edwards. Neuropathology and Ophthalmological Pathology of Fatal Central Nervous System Injuries in Young Children: Forensic Neuropathology of Deaths of Children Under Age 2, 20082016, in Central Missouri. with shaking her baby to death By . Caron, F., Tourneux, P., Kuekou, H.T., et al. December 2022. November 2022. Discrepancies in Physician and Coroner Findings in Cases of Fatal Suspected Physical Child Abuse. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion. A perfect storm: The distribution of tissue damage depends on seizure duration, hemorrhage, and developmental stage in a gyrencephalic, multi-factorial, severe traumatic brain injury model. Bhardwaj G, Jacobs MB, Martin FJ, et al. Brain Sciences. Lifetime Cost of Abusive Head Trauma at Ages 0-4, USA. When soothing succeeds: Simulating a risk for repeated shaking in abusive head trauma in infants. Journal of Neuroimaging. Child Abuse & Neglect: October 2018. October 2021. So, what should you be aware of, what should you watch for? An In-Depth Analysis of Brain and Spine Neuroimaging in Children with Abusive Head Trauma: Beyond the Classic Imaging Findings. The second look was . Notrica, D.M., Kirsch, L., Misra, S., et al. Pediatric Emergency Care. April 2021. The condition can be fatal for infants. Skeletal Survey Yield in Young Children with Femur Fractures. Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. September 25, 2018 at 1:22 pm . This includes death from shaken baby syndrome. A review on clotting disorders and retinal hemorrhages: Can they mimic abuse? In fact, the CDC reports incidents of shaken baby syndrome in children up to age 5. A 1987 study reviewed 48 cases of "shaken baby syndrome" in the Philadelphia area and found that of the 13 fatalities, all had signs of impact, too. Subdural hemorrhage in a cohort with cerebral sinovenous thrombosis: Application to abusive head trauma. Minckler, D.S., Brown, D.J., Nalbandian, A., et al. Eismann EA, Shapiro RA, Makoroff KL, et al. Joseph, B., Sakran, J., Obaid, O., et al. High prevalence of non-accidental trauma among deceased children presenting at Level I trauma centers in the Netherlands. January 2016. The legal challenges to the diagnosis of shaken baby syndrome or how to counter 12 common fake news. The monthly incidence of abusive head trauma, inflicted skeletal trauma, and unexplained skin lesion in children in six French university hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Preventing Shaken Baby Syndrome: Evaluation of a Multiple-Setting Program. Parasagittal vertex clots on head CT in infants with subdural hemorrhages as a predictor for abusive head trauma. It is thought that 180 to 200 children per year are victims ofthis type of abuse in France, although this value is certainly anunderestimate. Understanding Bilateral Skull Fractures in Infancy: A Retrospective Multicenter Case Review. March 2022. August 2020 [epub ahead of print]. Child Abuse & Neglect. Buesser KE, Leventhal JM, Gaither JR, et al. The evaluation of suspected child physical abuse. Houston Journal of Health Law and Policy: 2013, Sandeep Narang and J. Clarke. Majiaghamemar M, Lan IS, Christian C, Coats B, Margulies SS. Bas, N.S., Karacan, M., Doruk, E., et al. September 2022. Pediatric Central Nervous System Imaging of Nonaccidental Trauma: Beyond Subdural Hematomas. June 2016. Cerebrospinal fluid interaction with cerebral cortext during pediatric abusive head trauma. [PubMed: 32241102] 30. People should never shake a baby for any reason. Imaging findings in abusive head trauma (AHT). Henry MK and Wood JN. Shaking makes the fragile brain bounce back and forth inside the skull and causes bruising, swelling, and bleeding, which can lead to permanent, severe brain damage or death. Derivation and Validation of a Serum Biomarker Panel to Identify Infants with Acute Intracranial Hemorrhage. April 2021. This is due to the rapid and repeated acceleration and deceleration of the victims head whipping back and forth and side to side. Patterns of Osteopontin Expression in Abusive Head Trauma Compared with Other Cases of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury. Amyloid Precursor Protein in Abusive Head Trauma Suspects. February 2021. Thackeray, J.D., Crichton, K.G., McPherson, P., et al. Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Forensic Imaging. April 2022. How can the injuries be dated and the time of injuries be determined? Effectiveness of a Statewide Abusive Head Trauma Prevention Program in North Carolina. Thackeray JD, Wannemacher J, Adler BH, Lindberg DM. Multi-modality imaging characteristics of costochondral fractures, a highly specific rib fracture for child abuse. Neuroimaging differential diagnoses to abusive head trauma. Every child, every time: hospital-wide child abuse screening increases awareness and state reporting, Prevalence of metaphyseal injury and its mimickers in otherwise healthy children under two years of age, Cerebellar lesions in pediatric abusive head trauma, Frequency of macroscopic intradural hemorrhage with and without subdural hemorrhages in early childhood autopsies, Abusive head trauma, healthcare, and childhood professionals' lack of knowledge is detrimental to the child's interest, Infant skull fracture risk for low height falls, Classic Metaphyseal Lesions among Victims of Abuse, Fracture incidence in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome - A population-based case-control study, Characteristics that distinguish abusive from nonabusive cases of sudden unexpected infant deaths, Modeling of inflicted head injury by shaking trauma in children: what can we learn? The prevalence of non-accidental trauma among children with polytrauma: A nationwide level-I trauma centre study. Utah Law Review. December 2018. Pavone, V., Vescio, A., Lucenti, L., et al. Radiologists' Diagnostic Performance in Differentiation of Rickets and Classic Metaphyseal Lesions on Radiographs: A Multicenter Study. Diyaola, M., Ye, C., Huang, Z., et al. JAMA Pediatrics. Abusive head trauma follows witnessed infant shaking. Throwing the baby out with the bath water - response to the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU) report on traumatic shaking. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse. Laurent-Vannie, A., Bernard, J.Y., & Chevignard, M. Child Abuse Review. Neuroimaging differential diagnoses to abusive head trauma. Loos, M.L., Bakx, R., Allema, J.H., et al. Delteil, C., Tuchtan, L., Scavarda, D., et al. Caregiver Reports of Infant Distress and Injury in Abused Infants. June 2020. Implementation of a brain injury screen MRI for infants at risk for abusive head trauma. December 2017 [Epub ahead of print]. June 2022. December 2015. Accuracy of the history of injury obtained from the caregiver in infantile head trauma, The classic metaphyseal lesion and traumatic injury, Validation of the Pittsburgh Infant Brain Injury Score for Abusive Head Trauma, Fatal Abusive Head Trauma Among Children Aged <5 years - United States, 1999-2014, Preventing Shaken Baby Syndrome: Evaluation of a Multiple-Setting Program, Rapid MRI evaluation of acute intracranial hemorrhage in pediatric head trauma, The natural history of retinal hemorrhage in pediatric head trauma. Cohrs, G., Winter, S.M., Siska, W., et al. April 2021. Rapid MRI evaluation of acute intracranial hemorrhage in pediatric head trauma. Emergency Department Child Abuse Evaluations During COVID-19: A Multicenter Study. October 2020. van Rijn, R., Robben, S.G., Fronczek, J., et al. Prevention of Shaken Baby Syndrome, Abusive Head Trauma, and Child Maltreatment Keeping Children Safe: SIDS, SBS & . Abusive Head Trauma in Infants During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Paris Metropolitan Area. Toma M, Dehesa-Baeza A, Chan-Akaley R, et al. Delaplain PT, Grigorian A, Won E, et al. Pediatric Neurology. An In-Depth Analysis of Brain and Spine Neuroimaging in Children with Abusive Head Trauma: Beyond the Classic Imaging Findings. April 2021. Survey on Reporting of Child Abuse by Pediatricians: Intrapersonal Inconsistencies Influence Reporting Behavior More than Legislation. Describing functional skills in children with cerebral palsy close to age 5years matters. Pediatric skull fractures: could suture contact be a sign of abuse? Davies, F. Emergency Medicine Journal. April 2022. MeSH terms Child Child Abuse* . Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the unexplained death, usually during sleep, of a seemingly healthy baby less than a year old. December 2022. Facing the loss of siblings in childhood: Interactions and dynamics between bereaved siblings and their parents. Yet the scientific bases of the diagnosis are increasingly coming under question. Annals of Emergency Medicine. Child Abuse & Neglect. May 2020. Journal of Family Violence. Traumatic axonal injury: neuropathological features, postmortem diagnostic methods, and strategies. A Biomechanical Assessment of Shaken Baby Syndrome: What About the Spine? Sept 2016. Cost of Pediatric Trauma: A Comparison of Non-Accidental and Accidental Trauma in Pediatric Patients. Ocular Injuries in Pediatric Patients Admitted With Abusive Head Trauma. Occurrence of traumatic brain injury due to short falls with or without a witness by a nonrelative in children younger than 2 years. This is a Healthy People 2030 Leading Health . Child Abuse & Neglect. The Association Between Maternal Shaking Behavior and Inappropriate Infant Parenting: The Japan Environment and Children's Study. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on child abuse and neglect: A cross-sectional study in a French Child Advocacy Center. Henry MK, Feudtner C, Fortin K, Lindberg DM, Anderst JD, Berger RP, & Wood JN. Violent Infant Surrogate Shaking: Continuous High-Magnitude Centripetal Force and Abrupt Shift in Tangential Acceleration May Explain High Risk of Subdural Hemorrhage. Association of a Postnatal Parent Education Program for Abusive Head Trauma With Subsequent Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma Hospitalizaton Rates. Facebook; Twitter; . Cain CM, Mandell DJ, Thompson RR, et al. High Frequency of Previous Abuse and Missed Diagnoses Prior to Abusive Head Trauma: A Consecutive Case Series of 100 Forensic Examinations. Child maltreatment-related children's emergency department visits before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Connecticut. June 2021. Overview. Academic Pediatrics. International Journal of Legal Medicine. March 2022. Wright, J., Painter, S., Kodagali, S.S. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma. Increased Mortality in Very Young Children with Traumatic Brain Injury Due to Abuse: A Nationwide Analysis of 10,965 Patients. February 2019. Newborn Risk Factors for Subsequent Physical Abuse Hospitalizations. April 2016 [Epub ahead of print]. Pediatric Radiology. Distinguishing child abuse fractures from rickets. Devebacak, A., Bekmez, S., Eris, E., et al. Trends in Abusive and Nonabusive Injury Hospitalizations in Young Children in Texas, 2004-2018. Neuroimaging of retinal hemorrhage utilizing adjunct orbital susceptibility-weighted imaging. Clinical Characteristics and Nonconvulsive Seizures in Young Children with Abusive Head Trauma, Nonaccidental Trauma is an Independent Risk Factor for Mortality Among Injured Infants, Identifying Child Abuse Fatalities During Infancy. Child Abuse & Neglect. Characterization of subdural collections in initial neuroimaging of abusive head trauma: Implications for forensic age diagnostics and clinical decision-making. 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